The global rise in psychological stress has significantly affected cognitive and emotional health across all age groups, particularly among children. The increasing prevalence of anxiety, behavioral disturbances, learning disabilities, and attention disorders highlights the need for safe, preventive, and holistic approaches to mental health care. Ayurveda offers a unique concept known as Medhya Rasayana, which refers to intellect-promoting rejuvenative therapies that enhance cognitive functions and support mental stability. Among the classical Ayurvedic texts, Kashyapa Samhita gives special importance to Kashyapokt Medhya Rasayana, a group of herbal preparations designed to nourish the brain and nervous system and promote healthy mental development in children. The principal Medhya Dravyas described include Mandukaparni (Centella asiatica), Yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra), Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), and Shankhapushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis). These herbs are traditionally believed to enhance Dhi (intellect), Dhriti (retention), and Smriti (memory) while strengthening Majja Dhatu and promoting Ojas, the vital essence responsible for immunity and vitality. The Rasayana principles underlying these therapies emphasize longevity, clarity of mind, and the balancing of Vata and Pitta Doshas, which are considered key factors in mental well-being. This review study was conducted by analyzing classical Ayurvedic texts such as Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, and Kashyapa Samhita, along with relevant modern scientific literature sourced from PubMed, Google Scholar, and cross-referenced articles. Findings from both traditional descriptions and contemporary research indicate that these Medhya herbs possess adaptogenic, neuroprotective, and anxiolytic properties that may help improve cognitive performance and enhance resilience to stress.