The postpartum period, termed Sutika Kala in Ayurveda, represents a critical phase of physiological and psychological vulnerability for mothers. This review examines the correlation between Sutika Kala and maternal mind state, emphasizing Ayurveda's holistic approach to postpartum mental wellness. During this period, Vata Dosha aggravation occurs due to blood loss, physical exertion, and bodily emptiness following delivery, directly impacting mental equilibrium and predisposing mothers to Sutika Vishada (postpartum depression). Ayurvedic postpartum care (Sutika Paricharya) addresses both physical restoration and mental stability through dietary regimens, lifestyle modifications, therapeutic interventions like Abhyanga (oil massage) and Shirodhara, and psychological counseling (Satwavajayachikistya). Classical texts including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya emphasize Vata Shamana, Dhatu restoration, and lactation enhancement as core principles. Modern research confirms neuro-hormonal reorganization, cortisol elevation, and oxytocin modulation during postpartum, correlating with Ayurvedic Vata imbalance concepts. This review synthesizes Ayurvedic principles with contemporary evidence, demonstrating that integrated care can significantly reduce postpartum depression prevalence (10–20%) and improve long-term maternal outcomes. The findings suggest that incorporating Ayurvedic Sutika Paricharya into modern obstetric care may address unresolved challenges in postpartum mental health management.