Agadtantra, one of the eight classical branches of Ayurveda, primarily deals with toxicology, envenomation, and antidotal therapies. Beyond poisoning, its principles extend to broader emergency management including bites, stings, food toxicity, and acute systemic disturbances. To explore the conceptual framework, classical foundations, and contemporary applicability of Agadtantra as an emergency response system within Ayurvedic medicine. A narrative review of classical Ayurvedic texts and selected modern literature was undertaken to analyze emergency-oriented concepts, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic protocols described under Agadtantra. Agadtantra provides systematic guidelines for rapid assessment (Dashavidha Pariksha adaptations), classification of toxins (Sthavara, Jangama, Kritrima), symptom-based staging, detoxification (Vamana, Virechana), local and systemic antidotes, and supportive measures. Many procedures resemble modern emergency principles such as triage, airway protection, decontamination, and antidotal pharmacology. Agadtantra functions as an indigenous emergency framework emphasizing early recognition, immediate intervention, and holistic stabilization. Integrative research may enhance its relevance in contemporary emergency care, especially in regions with high incidence of envenomation and plant/food toxicities.